When Alford denies that Melchisedek was made like the Son of God as to his priesthood, on the ground that Melchisedek was prior to our Lord, he forgets that Christ's eternal priesthood was an archetypal reality in God's purpose from everlasting, to which Melchisedek's priesthood was "made like" in time. Without such records human priests could not serve (Ezra 2:62). The notion that Melchisedek was the Holy Spirit (which was held by an absurd sect who called themselves Melchisedekites); or “the Angel of the Presence”; or “God the Word, previous to Incarnation”; or “the Shechinah”; or “the Captain of the Lord’s Host”; or “an Angel”; or “a reappearance of Enoch”; or an “ἐνσάρκωσις of the Holy Ghost”; are, on all sound hermeneutical principles, not only “almost” but quite “childish.” They belong to methods of interpretation which turn Scripture into an enigma and neglect all the lessons which result so plainly from the laws which govern its expression, and the history of its interpretation. Compare all, Since God names individuals what they are, that, then is what this man is: "King of Righteousness.". The personal importance of Melchisedek was very small; but he is eminently typical, because of the suddenness with which he is introduced into the sacred narrative, and the subsequent silence respecting him. Without descent; there is no line of him described in the Scripture, mentioning from whence he descended, or by what genealogy he came to the priesthood, as the Aaronites did clear their right, Nehemiah 7:64. The key to this misunderstood verse is in the meaning of the phrase without descent. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". American Tract Society. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". The Son of GOD is not said to be made like to Melchisedec, but the contrary (vice versa); for the Son of GOD is more ancient, and is the archetype; comp. Amplified® But he gives the sense well: “If he had had in history, as doubtless he had in fact, a successor in office, we should have said of him, that he was the priest of Salem in the days of Abraham. Pages: 432. If a primitive pair of scissors had cut the passage out, we should not miss it, and should never imagine what a gem we had lost. The reader should carefully notice that the apostle describes Melchisedec, the type, in terms which, in the full meaning, hold good only of Christ the great antitype. When speaking of one of the points of that law, Jesus placed Himself superior to it. Rather, the record about Melchizedek is so arranged that it brings out certain truths, that apply far more fully to Jesus than they do to Melchizedek. 4) says of Julius Cæsar that he was created Dictator εἰς τὸ διηνεκές, permanent Dictator. This shows they were two separate persons, but were like unto each other in certain respects. Main Hebrews: A Commentary (The New Testament Library) Hebrews: A Commentary (The New Testament Library) Luke Timothy Johnson. The true import of the prophecy which declared that the future priesthood would bear the likeness of Melchizedek’s can only be known when all the characteristics of that priesthood have been traced. Hebrews 7:1-3. Other Forerunner Commentary entries containing Hebrews 7:3: Leviticus 27:30-33 John 17:17 Hebrews 7:1-3 Hebrews 7:1-3 Hebrews 7:2 : Hebrews 7:4 >> The Berean: Daily Verse and Comment Sign up for the Berean: Daily Verse and Comment, and have Biblical truth delivered to your inbox. Many other persons of those times had their pedigrees or family names recorded in the Bible. the father of a proselyte is not counted in Jewish pedigrees. This is the usual interpretation of the words, which has been the prevalent one in … A genealogical successor pushes his predecessor out of office and out of life. nothing is mentioned of his decease or succession. Tholuck, 'Melchisedek remains in so far as the type remains in the antitype, his priesthood, in Christ.' But why are the name-types of Hebrews 7:2 any less “childish?” We do not, wisely, require that the type should be a literal, but a shadowy, representation of its object. Without beginning of days or end of life, unlike the Jewish priests therefore, who began their ministry at thirty and closed it at fifty, the high priest holding his office until he died. 1871-8. Bullinger, has stood the test of tine as an incredible resource for the diligent student. for Christ himself was not without a Father according to his divinity, nor without a Mother in his humanity; but because his genealogy is not given in Genesis, as of the other patriarchs is, but he is abruptly introduced without any mention of either his birth or death. "Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges". This verse explains "without descent" (Greek, "genealogy" in both verses, Hebrews 7:3). BibliographyEdwards, Justin. ἀφωμοιωμένος δὲ τῷ υἱῷ τ. θεοῦ “but made like to the Son of God”. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". Without father, &c. Greek. (See Genesis 10:1-32.) John Calvin (Calvin’s Commentaries [Baker], Hebrews, p. 155) points out that it is remarkable that Melchizedek lived with Sodom on one side and the Canaanites on the other, and yet he was a righteous king and priest. No man is Lord or King over God's law. . Finding the new version too difficult to understand? 3. ", Ch. Hebrews 7:3. (See Ezra 2:61-62; Nehemiah 7:63-64, where families which could not actually produce their pedigree are excluded from the priesthood.) ", Ch. Thus it is not that Melchizedek sets the pattern and Jesus follows it. 1874-1909. Aaron's end is recorded; Melchisedek's, not. BibliographyIce, Rhoderick D. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". ... beginning of days, nor end ... abideth ... continually," belong. How little the writer of this Epistle meant to exaggerate the typology is shewn by the fact that he does not so much as allude to the “bread and wine” to which an unreal significance has been attached both by Jewish and Christian commentators. As far as he is revealed to us, he is a living character, one that lives right on, like unto the Son of God. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". * [5:2] Deal patiently: the Greek word metriopathein occurs only here in the Bible; this term was used … The beginning of the days of Melchisedec and the end of life are all kept from the record for the purpose of carrying out the type, and it is to be understood on the same principle as "without descent" explained above. He is "called of God an high priest after the order of Melchizedek" (Hebrews 5:10). [Note: Hodges, " Hebrews ," p798.] 3. ἀπάτωρ, ἀμήτωρ, ἀγενεαλόγητος, “without lineage” or “pedigree” as in Hebrews 7:6. Read Hebrews 7 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). ἀμήτωρ. ", Ch. The reply is, that no such isolated trait could possess any typical significance. 1952. There is then no difficulty either as to the idiom or its interpretation. CHRIST'S HIGH PRIESTHOOD AFTER THE ORDER OF MELCHISEDEC SUPERIOR TO AARON'S. II. (Hebrews Commentary) (Bolding added for emphasis) ... Hebrews 7:3 states that Melchizedek was “made like unto the Son of God,” not that he actually was the Son of God. Bible Gateway Recommends. (3) Without father, without mother, without descent.—The last words, “without descent” (or rather, without genealogy), throw light on the meaning of those which precede. Horace calls himself “a man nullis majoribus ortus” (Hor. George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Unabridged, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, E.M. Zerr's Commentary on Selected Books of the New Testament, Haldane's Exposition on the Epistle to the Romans, Commentary Critical and Explanatory - Unabridged, Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible, Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures. I.S.V. The principle of supporting the ministers of God's work is still in force in the New Testament church (Matthew 10:8-10; 24:14; 28:19-20; Mark 16:15; I Corinthians 9:13-14). https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/egt/hebrews-7.html. It never grows old, but is ever the same image of infancy. It is solemn and instructive to note how most of the false religions on earth and most of the corruptions of the time owe their power to men’s desire to have a human priest who may forgive them and plead for them, and even offer sacrifice for them. The hardening of the heart is the spring of all other sins. The Mystery of Melchizedek Solved! Impossible! Retail: $17.99. Without father and without mother means he did not obtain his priesthood from his ancestors as did the Levitical priests ( Exodus 29:29-30; Numbers 20:28). Nothing is said in Genesis of the end of his priesthood, or of his having had either predecessor or successor, which typically represents Christ's eternal priesthood, without beginning or end. Hebrews 7:3. ἀπάτωρ, ἀμήτωρ, ἀγενεαλόγητος, without father, without mother, without genealogy [descent]) The parents, ancestors, children, posterity of Melchisedec are not descended from Levi, as was required to be the case with the Levites, Hebrews 7:6, and they are not even mentioned by Moses; and this silence is full of mystery, which is immediately unfolded. THE PARALLEL SUPERIORITIES OF MELCHIZEDEK AND CHRIST OVER AARON MAY BE REPRESENTED BY THE FOLLOWING TABULATION:—. Since the tithing law predates the Levitical priesthood, and is thus still in force, tithes are now to be given to Jesus Christ, our High Priest, for use by the church. See PNT Heb 7:1. Consequently most commentators have adopted a metaphorical interpretation of what the writer said of him here. ; Fausset, A. R.; Brown, David. Without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like the Son of God, he remains a priest perpetually. But the apostle says that there was no such genealogical table in regard to Melchizedek. NASB E-Prime If that be true then Christ is still dead! The last tenet was the distinguishing mark of a sect bearing the name of Melchizedekians in the third century. It would then have been not only inexplicable, but meaningless, that in all Scripture he should only have been incidentally mentioned in three verses of a perfectly simple and straightforward narrative, and only once again alluded to in the isolated reference of a Psalm written centuries later. Made like - not that he was absolutely "like:" made like, in the particulars here specified. The terms used are wide and sweeping, and while the Targums and Philo, and modern commentators, find no difficulty in the explanations given above of the phrases ‘without father or mother or genealogy,’ a deeper meaning is not without its attractions, especially when the words are applied to the great antitype Christ ‘Without father,’ it has been thought, may refer to the fact that Christ had no earthly father and no Divine mother (answering to His higher nature), while the later expressions, ‘without beginning of days or end of life,’ are descriptive, they think, of Him whose going forth are from everlasting, and who, though He died, conquered death, and has taken the nature He assumed into union with His essential eternity. It is enough to say that he probably represents a royal worshipper of the true God, the head of his race, before as yet the primitive worship had become corrupt, and before there had arisen any need for selecting a particular family as the depositary and the guard of the Divine will. Yet even this view cannot be correct; for if Melchisedek had been Shem [1] there was every reason why he should be called by his own name, and no reason whatever why his name should be suppressed; and [2] Canaan was in the territory of Ham’s descendants, not those of Shem; and [3] Shem was in no sense, whether mystical or literal, “without pedigree.” Yet this opinion satisfied Lyra, Cajetan, Luther, Melanchthon, Lightfoot, &c. Who then was Melchisedek? Melchizedek Blesses Abram, by Walter Rane. Bullinger's Companion bible Notes". He has a lonely conspicuity similar to that of Melchizedek; a standing unlike that of any other priest. Having neither beginning of days, nor end life: Justin Edwards' Family Bible New Testament, Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges. King James Version (KJV) Public Domain. Having neither beginning of days, nor end of life - namely, history not recording his beginning or end, as it has of Aaron. The expression explains the writer’s meaning. We read nothing of his father or mother, or of his descent. Like Melchizedek, Jesus is both king and priest in one person. But Christ is not dead. With the latter, these truths are simply a matter of record; but with Jesus they are not only historically true, they also have significant spiritual dimensions. The question may be raised, Whence did this grouping of shadowy traits into a significant image arise? Luke 7:33, ἐλήλυθεν Ἰωάννης μήτε ἐσθίων … μήτε πίνων. God made many other persons eminent types of his Son, but Melchisedec was the only type of the eternity of his royal priesthood; for which the Holy Ghost singled him out, dropped him down, as it were, from above, and then took him up again, without any further account of him in the Scripture, that he might convey this mystery to us. Melchizedek stands discrete on the pages of history, appearing only for a brief instant! But we may note that in Genesis the passage of the tableau stands in a striking isolation. The father and mother of Melchisedek, as also his children, were not descended from Levi, as the Levitical priests (Hebrews 7:6) were required to be; and are not even mentioned by Moses. There is no record. Introduction. εἰς τὸ διηνεκές is not precisely “for ever,” but “for a continuance,” or permanence. Not because we find no mention of the parents of Melchizedek is he thus spoken of as fatherless and motherless, but because he is suddenly introduced as priest, without any token whatever that he held the office by right of genealogy, the only claim familiar to Hebrew readers. See below. DD. 7:3 Without father, without mother, without pedigree - Recorded, without any account of his descent from any ancestors of the priestly order. Hebrews 7:3 King James Version (KJV) 3 Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually. The TEV accurately translates the Hebrew idiom. A.F.V Hebrews 10:12; Hebrews 10:14. "The idea of basing exegesis on silence is familiar in Philo"s writings and would not in itself have seemed strange to Jewish readers." Hebrews 7:6); i:e., his genealogy is not known: whereas a Levitical priest could not dispense with the proof of his descent. His superiority is solely within the tableau. Less utterly groundless is the belief of the Jews that Melchisedek was the Patriarch Shem, who, as they shewed, might have survived to this time (Avodath Hakkodesh, III. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/hmc/hebrews-7.html. Melchizedek and Christ are one and the same Person! [Note: Morris, pp63 , 64. cxxxvi.) Hebrews 7:3 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Hebrews 7:3, NIV: "Without father or mother, without genealogy, without beginning of days or end of life, resembling the Son of God, he remains a priest forever." This was no accident nor is it due to a lack of custom or facilities for recording descent which means a record of family names. Bibliography"Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". Though this is the simplest and the natural interpretation of the words, some find a deeper meaning in them. Melchizedek the Priest - This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God Most High. 1685. Hebrews 7:3 in all English translations. Read Romans 3:10 and 17: "There is none righteous, no, not one. "Salem," from which Jerusalem was named, means "peace." If no record is given of the death or replacement of Melchisedec, then logically his priesthood was continous. The way in which he is like the Son of God has to do with the fact of his priesthood. With the latter, these truths are simply a matter of record; but with Jesus they are not only historically true, they also have significant spiritual dimensions." The Apostle does not affirm this was absolutely so, but that it is thus that Melchizedek appears on the background of early history. p. 202 f., Remark. BibliographyBengel, Johann Albrecht. He further objects, that to make a transient appearance on the stage typical, would require us to make a type of Hobab, for instance. Bishop Wordsworth quotes “Who shall declare His generation?” which however is not the meaning of the Hebrew. The greatness of Abraham then lay in hopes; of Melchisedek in present possession. b. The high priest succeeded on the day of his predecessor"s decease. This is a study guide commentary, which means that you are responsible for your own interpretation of the Bible. If Melchisedek were literally high priest for ever, then Christ and he would now still be high priests, and we should have two instead of one (!). Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible. a. . The doctrine is even more popular than the opposite extreme, forgiveness without sacrifice and without priest. Or did the inspired imagination of the psalmist, seeing the facts as incidentally narrated, group them into form? ", Ch. God the Father is not the Priest of God, but Christ the Son is! But to provoke God, when he is letting us see that we entirely depend and live upon him, is a provocation indeed. And at the same time Christ was, is today, and shall be forever High Priest! Now consider how great this man was, unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoils. A.S.V. The Berean: Daily Verse and Comment Sign up for the Berean: Daily Verse and Comment, and have Biblical truth delivered to your inbox. It does not terminate! d. Univ. civ., i. A vital principle to remember concerning the Old and New Covenants is that what did not originate with the Old Covenant did not die with it. This shows that God can raise up a godly witness for Himself when and where He pleases. In other words, the verse describes the situation of Melchisedec as God permitted it to appear in history, in order to form a type of Christ whose situation as to family relationship was to be actually that way. Isaiah 53:8; compare Hebrews 7:12,15. It is, therefore, good only for our author’s argument. They belong to the portrait of him, which was so drawn that he was “made like” the Son of God,—that by the features absent as well as by the positive traits a figure should appear corresponding to the Son of God and suited to suggest Him” (Davidson). The idiom by which a person is said to have no father or ancestry when they are not recorded, or are otherwise quite unimportant, was common to Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. He pertained to another tribe; Hebrews 7:14. As Melchisedec was without father, that was a priest before him, or is recorded, from whom he should derive, as the Levitical priesthood had; so Christ, as to his humanity, was without any human father, conceived only by the power of the Holy Ghost. And, inevitably, any fulfilment, as demanded by Alford, would require two literal eternal high priests, which is entirely inadmissible. In these respects “made like (as a divinely ordained type) unto the Son of God,” he bears perpetually the character of priest. Cf. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/jfu/hebrews-7.html. Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually. The wife of Aaron, Elisheba, the mother from whom the Levitical priests spring, is mentioned; as also Sarah, the mother of the Jewish nation itself. The Expositor's Greek Testament. There are even few of the Levitical priests whose mothers are mentioned in Scripture; but yet their Levitical sanctity (as to their wives) is universally enjoined, Leviticus 21:13-14; and, at all events, the wife of Aaron, from whom all the priests are descended, is mentioned, Exodus 6:23 : and Sarah, the wife of Abraham himself, Isaiah 51:2.— μήτε ἀρχὴν, nor beginning) The eternity of the Son of God is intimated.— ἔχων, having) with Moses, who nevertheless relates the death of Aaron.— ἡμερῶν, of days) It was not so suitable to say, the beginning of life or the end of days, Hebrews 7:16, where power is mentioned along with life.— ἀφωμοιωμένος δὲ τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ θεοῦ, but made like to the Son of GOD) δὲ, but, properly has respect to the opposition between the negatives, which precede, and the positive, which follows, and takes the former for granted. Hebrews 11 What it means to trust God. Without father, without mother, — No more is intended by this, in the opinion of most of the great expositors than to observe, that the father and mother of Melchisedec are no where mentioned, nor are they pretended to be known; nor is any hint of his family taken notice of in the scriptures which speak of him. This does not mean that Melchizedek's records of birth were lost. Please login to your account first; Need help? Abideth a priest continually— One thousand years after this king-priest lived, the inspired psalmist contemplated the tableau, and there beheld him still, a priest forever. 64). "George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary". In a Greek tragedy “Ion” calls himself “motherless” when he supposes that his mother is a slave (Eurip. "All thy commandments are righteousness" (Psalm 119:172). Then it denotes one who is born after the death of his father; then one whose father is unknown - “spurious. Notice again: Melchizedek, this scripture reveals, abides that is, remains permanently, continually, a priest. Personally and humanly, Jesus had a mother, the blessed Virgin. 1:6: "When He (God) again bringeth in the Firstborn into the world. BibliographyWhedon, Daniel. It was essential that the Levitical priests be able to prove their ancestry (cf. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/cgt/hebrews-7.html. 2012. To continue with Hebrews 7. Send-to-Kindle or Email . "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". International Bible Lesson Commentary Hebrews 7:1-3 & 18-28 (Hebrews 7:1) For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; What we know about Melchizedek from the Old Testament can be found only in Genesis 14:18-20 and Psalms 110:4. Thus Melchizedek was then High Priest, in Paul's day, and even now, and He will rule forever! The words, "Without father, etc. "Haldane's Exposition on the Epistle to the Romans and Hebrews". https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/tsk/hebrews-7.html. Men know not the way of peace. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/ebc/hebrews-7.html. Here for instance though the reference is to one person, the attribute implied by the participle is ascribed only in conception. The priesthood has been conferred on Christ, now our High Priest "according to the order of Melchizedek" (Hebrews 6:20). Hebrews 7:1-3 In contrast with this tenure of office was the tenure of the Levites; they held their priesthood only on condition that they could prove their descent from Levi; and so, after the captivity, those who could not prove this descent were not allowed to act as priests till God Himself gave counsel by Urim and Thummim (Ezra 2:62-63; Nehemiah 7:63-65). zu Kiel aus d. J. But this superiority of Melchizedek to Abraham is not literal. μένει ἱερεὺς εἶς τὸ διηνεκές] remains priest for ever, in that, as of his end of life so also of the cessation of his priesthood, nothing is recorded. He determines what righteousness is. dissertation, Dallas Theological Seminary, 1989); and Lane, pp164 , 166.]. Nor end of life. Scripture says no man has ever seen the Father (John 1:18, 5:37), but Abraham saw Melchizedek. Other Forerunner Commentary entries containing Hebrews 7:3: Leviticus 27:30-33 Rather, the record about Melchizedek is so arranged that it brings out certain truths, that apply far more fully to Jesus than they do to Melchizedek. The former has no such real importance as the latter in human history. BibliographySchaff, Philip. The divine words are not to be measured by the meaning which man may at first assign to them. saints) should not be made perfect. of whom neither father, nor mother, nor pedigree stands recorded in Holy Scripture. File: PDF, 2.12 MB. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". As indicated by blessing and tithes, it is theocratic; and so forms basis for a typical superiority. Save for later. We may again observe that in the description given of Melchisedec no conjecture is admissible; we must suppose nothing, but take the account given in Scripture as we find it, without addition or diminution. ", Ch. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/dcc/hebrews-7.html. The simple and undoubted meaning of these words is that the father, mother, and lineage of Melchisedek are not recorded, so that he becomes more naturally a type of Christ. 20, &c. and in two of the Targums). Without father, &c. Not that he had no father, &c. but that neither his father, nor his pedigree, nor his birth, nor his death, are set down in Scripture. 10:36-7: "For ye have need of patience, that having done the will of God, ye may receive the promise. See also Charles P. Baylis, "The Author of Hebrews" Use of Melchizedek from the Context of, "The idea of basing exegesis on silence is familiar in Philo"s writings and would not in itself have seemed strange to Jewish readers. BibliographyBullinger, Ethelbert William. The argument that precedes our text in Hebrews is to show that if Melchizedek is "without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but resembling the Son of God, he remains a priest forever" (7:3). Commentary for Hebrews 7–13 Hebrews 7:1–2. ", [Note: Morris, pp63 , 64. 7:3 Without father, without mother. Comp. But He is now eternally self-existing. Such an oracle as that of Psalms 110:4 must yield up to him its full significance. BibliographyConstable, Thomas. And no wonder. N.A.S.B. Further the Jews mystically applied the same sort of rule which holds in legal matters which says “that things not producible are regarded as non-existent.” Hence their kabbalistic interpretation of particulars not mentioned in Scripture. Finally, Hebrews 7:15 states that Jesus is a priest “after the similitude [likeness] of Melchizedek,” not that he actually was Melchizedek. Are there two High Priests? There must be a full assemblage of traits to form a definite typical image. From the fact that Gain’s death is nowhere recorded in Genesis, Philo draws the lesson that evil never dies among the human race; and he calls Sarah “motherless” because her mother is nowhere mentioned. The meaning of this clause is exactly the same as that of the last—namely that neither the birth nor death of Melchisedek is recorded, which makes him all the more fit to be a type of the Son of God. This verse highlights a fifth important fact about Melchizedek: he had a significant family history, according to the biblical record. It is a combination of the passage in Genesis with the allusion in Psalms 110, shewing that the two together constitute Melchisedek a Divinely appointed type of a Priesthood received from no ancestors and transmitted to no descendants. The words that follow are of similar character. He is thus the type of a priest who shall in his single person discharge for ever all priestly functions. Melchisedec has no such dates recorded; he had neither beginning of days nor end of life. δὲ attaches this clause to the immediately preceding, “having neither etc.,” but in this respect made like to the Son of God, see Hebrews 1:2, Hebrews 9:14 and Hebrews 1:10; Hebrews 1:12. You, the Bible, and the Holy Spirit are priority in interpretation. Wesley's Notes for Hebrews 7:3 . To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, … μήτε ἀρχὴν ἡμερῶν κ.τ.λ. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". The Moffatt translation states it: "continues to be priest permanently" even while Jesus Christ is High Priest! "Days" mean his time of discharging his function. ... Hebrews 7:3 Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually. Having neither beginning of days, nor end of life - Mentioned by Moses. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/fam/hebrews-7.html. ", Ch. As the case stands, he is the priest of Salem.”. He who is a priest “like Melchizedek” holds a priesthood that rests on no such rights or claims. received—Greek, "hath received tithes." He is without father or mother, appearing out of the darkness without ancestors or successors; without pedigree either immediate or remote; owing his priesthood, therefore, and dignities to no connection with priests on his father’s side or even on his mother’s: his is a priesthood purely personal, and not to be traced to natural descent or hereditary claim. In this way he was made like unto the Son of God. Indeed, Jesus Christ is the author and finisher of our salvation (Hebrews 5:9; 12:2). This shows that God had a purpose in leaving out all record of Melchisedec's family, namely, so that he would appear in that sense to be like that "other priest" who actually was not to have any descendants. There is nothing in Genesis 14:1-24 :to mark Melchisedek as superhuman: he is classed with the other kings as a living historic personage; not, as Origen thought, an angel; nor as the Jews, Shem, son of Noah; nor as Calmet, Enoch; nor as the Melchisedekites, the Holy Spirit; nor as others, the Divine Word. A first century reader understood it as it is worded in the TEV. Contrary to many cherished man-thought-out ideas, Melchizedek and Christ are one and the same! 12:26-28: "Yet once more will I make to tremble not the earth only, but also the Heaven ... Wherefore, receiving a kingdom that cannot he shaken, let us have grace. NETBible: Without father, without mother, without genealogy, he has neither beginning of days nor end of life but is like the son of God, and he remains a priest for all time. In the verses before us, Melchizedek is said to be like "unto the Son of God," and that Christ is after the likeness of Melchizedek (Hebrews 7:14), indicating clearly that Christ must be understood as the antitype of Melchizedek, making all the things of Melchizedek's life typical of certain things in the life of Jesus Christ. This was true of him apparently, as it was true of Christ actually. As man, Christ had no father; as God, no mother. ... Hebrews 7:3 NIV Hebrews 7:3 NLT Hebrews 7:3 ESV Hebrews 7:3 NASB Hebrews 7:3 KJV Hebrews 7:3 Bible Apps Hebrews 7:3 Biblia Paralela Hebrews 7:3 Chinese Bible Hebrews 7:3 French Bible Hebrews 7:3 German Bible Alphabetical: a beginning but days end father forever genealogy God having he life … "The Son of God" is not said to be made like Melchisedek, but Melchisedek to be "made like unto the Son of God." K.J.V. Note, too, that this man was King of peace. Peace as the Proper Environment for Righteousness. And the way of peace have they not known.". Appian (De Bell. Without father-end of life; the inspired record takes no notice of any of these things; and this was designed by the Holy Ghost, that his priesthood might thus typify the priesthood of Christ in a double way; first, as to our Lord’s human nature, as being a priest of another order than the Levitical priests, who must always be able to show their descent from Aaron, verses Hebrews 7:13-14, compared with Numbers 3:10; Ezra 2:62; secondly, as to his divine nature, as being in the highest sense without any of these limitations. Jesus Himself said: "There is none good but one, that is, God" (Matthew 19:17). See what over 150,000 subscribers are already receiving each day. The Bereans "received the word with all readiness, and searched the Scriptures daily to find out whether these things were so" (Acts 17:10-11). BibliographyTorrey, R. A. Ἀπάτωρ, ἀμήτωρ, ἀγενεαλόγητος] without father, without mother, without pedigree, i.e. 1835. All sacrifices are superseded, by the sacrifice of the cross, and all priesthoods by the priesthood of our Lord. Without father, without mother, without descent, hating neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually. None can be righteous but God—or one made righteous by God's power—Christ in a person! The recognition of one priest is as essential to true religion as the recognition of one king. This "change of the law"—the ceremonial law of sacrifices, ritual washings, and other rites pertaining to the Tabernacle/Temple and priesthood—applies only to the administration of tithing (verse 12). Without father ... - explained by 'without genealogy' or 'descent' (cf. BibliographyPoole, Matthew, "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". Yet Melchizedek cannot be God the Father. "The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge". The gist of the argument in Hebrews 7 is that, since the Levitical priesthood has no authority under the New Covenant, the ritual laws pertaining to the priesthood are no longer valid. 56.). unto the Son of God, abideth a priest continually. “He stood alone.”, John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Without father, without mother, without genealogy, ἀφωμοιωμένος δὲ τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ θεοῦ, William Newell's Commentary on Romans and Revelation, Heinrich Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament, Johann Albrecht Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament, Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible. F. B. Hole. Melchizedek was “a great Old Testament high priest, prophet, and leader who lived after the flood and during the time of Abraham. Sat. Darby The subject, moreover, in μένει is naturally the Melchisedec of Genesis, not, as Wieseler contends (Schrr. "Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable". https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/znt/hebrews-7.html. "What was true of Melchizedek simply as a matter of record was true of Christ in a fuller and more literal sense. Origen regarded Melchisedec as the incarnation of an angel; Bleek thinks that the writer shared a supposed Jewish opinion that he was called into existence miraculously and miraculously withdrawn, then abiding a priest for ever. The writer to the Hebrews wanted to remove these intellectual problems the Jewish Christians had with the gospel. He does not make it (as the Jews do) in any way a type of the shewbread and libations; or an offering characteristic of his Priesthood; nor does he make him (as Philo does) offer any sacrifice at all. No one of his ancestors is mentioned as a priest; and as a priest he has no descendants, and no followers. He was not born as human beings are. The tithe pays for this important responsibility. "It is when the writer bases his exposition on the silence of Scripture that his method of exegesis seems strangest to modern readers. 1897. Melchisedek was, in his priesthood, "made like" Christ, as far as the imperfect type could represent the perfect archetype. 1851. Melchisedec is presented to us without reference to any human qualifications for office. 9:10: "Imposed until a time of rectification. Hebrews Commentary James Rosscup - This dispensationally oriented work is not verse-by-verse, but deals with the exposition on a broader scale, treating blocks of thought within the chapters. Notice Paul's own inspired interpretation of this fact: "Having neither beginning of days, nor end of life" (Hebrews 7:3). BibliographyMeyer, Heinrich. Yet, in the days when the Apostle Paul lived and wrote, shortly after Jesus ascended to heaven as High Priest, the scripture states that even then Melchizedek "abideth"—which means does now abide—"a priest continually." I. Hebrews 6:10). It is morally certain, however, that the apostle did not use the word here in either of the senses, for there is no evidence that Melchizedek was “fatherless” in any of these respects. 1909-1922. Since God made all laws (James 4:12), He is Supreme Ruler or King. One thousand years later our writer looked, and there was the same, a priest forever; shadowy and only conceptual, indeed, yet the definite shadow of our great High Priest. Having neither beginning of days, nor end life: there is no record of his birth or death, though he had a father or mother, as there is of Adam’s beginning and end, who had neither: so Christ, as to his priesthood, had no predecessor, nor shall have any successor, Hebrews 7:16,24,28. With Melchisedek the priesthood and worship of the true God in Canaan ceased. Passow.” The word occurs often in these senses in the classic writers, for numerous examples of which the reader may consult Wetstein in loc. des Hebräerbr. Please read our short guide how to send a book to Kindle. "What was true of Melchizedek simply as a matter of record was true of Christ in a fuller and more literal sense. "When nothing is recorded of the parentage of this Prayer of Manasseh , it is not necessarily to be assumed that he had no parents but simply that the absence of the record is significant. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". It has been maintained that he was the Son of God Himself, or the Holy Spirit,—an angel or a Power of God. There have from the first been many who have been dissatisfied with such an explanation of these remarkable words, and have understood them to ascribe to Melchizedek a mysterious and superhuman existence and character. But Melchizedek's priesthood never came to an end, and even though he is no longer on the earth, he is still a priest of the Most High God. μένει ἱερεὺς εἰς τὸ διηνεκές “abideth a priest continually”. College Press, Joplin, MO. Not equal, but like! He it like the Son of God. to Melchisedek only in respect to his typical priesthood; in the full sense, they apply to Christ alone. Greek.inary priests began their service at thirty, and ended at fifty, years of age (Numbers 4:47). These intellectual hang-ups kept them from continuing on to maturity in Jesus. Ion, 850). He was born, and lived, and died, and had a father and mother no less than any one else, but by not mentioning these facts, the Scripture, interpreted on mystic principles, “throws on him a shadow of Eternity: gives him a typical Eternity.” The expressions used of him are only literally true of Him whose type he was. 1860, VI. “Such a comparison is decisive against attributing these characteristics to Melchisedek in a real sense. Hebrews 7:3. None as he appears in history. Prayer of Manasseh , it is not necessarily to be assumed that he had no parents but simply that the absence of the record is significant. BibliographyZerr, E.M. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". Why? He is thus the image of perpetuity, the type of the permanent priesthood of our Christ. We only know that he lived, and thus he is a fitting type of One Who lives continually. In himself only the Priest-prince of a little Canaanite community, his venerable figure was seized upon, first by the Psalmist, then by the writer of this Epistle, as the type of an Eternal Priest. The fact that some of these notions about him may plead the authority of great names is no more than can be said of thousands of the absolute, and even absurd, misinterpretations in the melancholy history of slowly-corrected errors which passes under the name of Scripture exegesis. king. E.M. Zerr's Commentary on Selected Books of the New Testament. (See Isaiah 53:8; Acts 8:33.) Language: english. As a sacrifice and the Lamb of God, he had his time of entrance into the world, and of his leaving it; yet, as God’s Priest, he had neither beginning nor end of days. Hebrews 7:6. he whose descent is not counted from them—not from "the sons of Levi," as those "who receive the priesthood." BibliographyJamieson, Robert, D.D. 1896. also Arno C. Gaebelein, Gaebelein’s Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible (I Volume, Neptune, NJ: Loizeaux, 1985), the Annotated Bible revised. Go to. These questions, interesting as they are, we leave a beautiful and sacred mystery. It was not destined to be superseded by another. This priest has no genealogical successor or predecessor. 1:1 In the past God spoke to our forefathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, 2 but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, and through whom he made the universe. Righteousness is obedience to God's law. "Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Unabridged". BibliographyHaydock, George Leo. In the Bereshith Rabba we find the rule “a Gentile has no father,” i.e. Hebrews 7 English Standard Version (ESV) The Priestly Order of Melchizedek. It is not necessary to adduce proof of the care with which inquiry was made into the parentage of the Jewish priests (Nehemiah 7:64): in their marriages they were subject to strict restraints (Leviticus 21:13-14); their statement of pedigree (in which was given the name not of father only, but also of every mother) must be complete, ascending to Aaron, and containing no doubtful link. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/scn/hebrews-7.html. No commencement and no close of priestly position or function are recorded in the sacred history. Without beginning of days or end of life. Josephus and some of the most learned fathers (Hippolytus, Eusebius, &c.), and many of the ablest modern commentators, rightly hold that he was neither more nor less than what Moses tells us that he was—the Priest-King of a little Canaanite town, to whom, because he acted as a Priest of the True God, Abraham gave tithes; and whom his neighbours honoured because he was not sensual and turbulent as they were, but righteous and peaceful, not joining in their wars and raids, yet mingling with them in acts of mercy and kindness. Preview. Some people have stumbled on the statement that Melchizedek has no "end of life." 1974. "Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers". https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/whe/hebrews-7.html. 7 For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, 2 and to him Abraham apportioned a tenth part of everything. Melchizedek would never have fulfilled His office of High Priest if He had not died for the sins of the people and risen again. In this verse is a mystical description of the eternity of Christ’s person and priesthood, set out by the Spirit in the silence and omission of things that concerned Melchisedec and his glory; so that what here is represented to be typically and in shadow, that was Christ really and substantially; for he gives no account of his father, mother, genealogy, birth, or death; the Spirit either not revealing it to him, or ordering him to leave it out, that he might appear the more lively and perfect type of Christ, being represented in all things different from all the men that ever were, or shall be: such a priest therefore as he was, was Christ to be; not deriving his priesthood from any by birth, nor leaving it to any after him. continually. (Challoner) --- Not that he was without father and mother, says St. Jerome, (ep. Heinrich Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Hebrews. Ezra 2:61-63; Nehemiah 7:63-65). Abraham, your father, greatly desired, says our Lord to the Jews, to see the day of my coming: he saw it, and was filled with joy. Without descent—Without place in any priestly genealogical table, and so without father, without mother, as a priest, showing his unlikeness to, and superiority over, the Aaronic priest, and his likeness to Christ. Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible. But “Christ as God has no mother, as man no Father.” The primitive Church neither used nor sanctioned the name Θεοτόκος “Mother of God” as applied to the Virgin Mary. What in the type means no record, meant in the antitype no existence. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. 1. this Melchisedec-- ( Hbr 6:20 Psa 110:4). Bruce is not correct in saying: “The variation in expression ( εἰς τὸ διηνεκές instead of εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, Hebrews 6:20) is probably made out of regard to style, rather than to convey a different shade of meaning”. He must not have been an ordinary mortal. The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Hebrews Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET CHAPTER 7 Hbr 7:1-28. In Melchisedech all was prophetical and figurative of Jesus Christ; and Abraham undoubtedly in this patriarch saw Jesus Christ in spirit, and exulted that all the nations of the earth were to be blessed in him. 3 Without father or mother, without genealogy, without beginning of days or end of life, resembling the Son of God, he remains a priest forever. But the real point here is that Jesus is that kind of a High Priest. The Aaronic priests are successively dying. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". Thus it is not that Melchizedek sets the pattern and Jesus follows it. It is from the Greek word AGENEALOGETOS which Thayer defines as follows: "Of whose descent there is no account." Aaron's priesthood terminated at his death, and his son replaced him as high priest. . His silence on a point which would have been so germane to his purpose is decisive against such a view. tacete quibus nec pater nec mater est” (Cic. No! BibliographyNicol, W. Robertson, M.A., L.L.D. In the Alexandrian School, to which (whether he was Apollos or not) the writer of this Epistle belonged, the custom of allegorising Scripture had received an immense development, and the silence of Scripture was regarded as the suggestion of mysterious truths. 1859. He who needs not, as the Levitical priests, to be able to trace his genealogy back to Levi. As far as Scripture is concerned it may be said of him, that “he lives without dying, fixed for ever as one who lives by the pen of the sacred historian, and thus stamped as a type of the Son, the ever-living Priest.”. "Commentary on Hebrews 7:3". For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first bein The mistaken rendering “without descent” is ancient, for in consequence of it Irenaeus claims Melchisedek as one who had lived a celibate life (which in any case would not follow). How much force would he have added to the typology if he had ventured to treat these gifts as prophecies of the Eucharist, as some of the Fathers do! He was without father and mother. by Ray C. Stedman. 1879-90. We have already observed that Melchisedec was a man; he must, therefore, have had a father and a mother, but his priesthood was not by descent like that of the sons of Aaron, "having neither beginning of days nor end of life." For yet a very little while, He that cometh shall come, and shall not tarry. In the days of Abraham, He was not the Son of God, for He had not yet been born of the virgin Mary but He was made like unto the Son of God in His manifestation to the ancients. The verb does not come till Hbr 7:3, "abideth." 9:28: "Christ ... shall appear a second time, apart from sin, to them that wait for Him, unto salvation. It is the permanence of the Melchisedek priesthood on which stress is laid. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers (3) Without father, without mother, without descent. ". Therefore without recorded pedigree. As regards the μήτε we may observe that as in Modern Greek μὴ has become the invariable negative with participles, so we find a tendency in this direction in Hellenistic Greek. The church is commissioned to preach the gospel free of charge. See also Charles P. Baylis, "The Author of Hebrews" Use of Melchizedek from the Context of Genesis ," (Th.D. The meaning is that Melchizedek's priesthood does not derive from these things which were so important to the Aaronic priesthood. Or did inspiration in Genesis purposely so narrate the facts? And remember, Jesus is called the Prince of peace! The narrative of Genesis was the basis of the prophecy; all that the history presented was taken up in the Psalm. The feeling that the most startling of the expressions here used must surely be intended to point to more than the silence of Scripture on certain points, is not at all unnatural; but perhaps it is not too much to say that every such difficulty is removed by the consideration that here the writer is simply analysing the thought of the inspired Psalmist. 1, p. 40): “the Melchisedec of the passage in the Psalms just mentioned (Hebrews 6:20), or the true antitypal Melchisedec or Messiah.” For it is not grammatically allowable, with Wieseler, to take the words βασιλεὺς σαλὴμ … ἀφωμοιώμενος δὲ τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ θεοῦ as an apposition merely to ὁ ΄ελχισεδέκ, and not to the whole expression οὗτος ὁ ΄ελχισεδέκ, and in connection with οὗτος ὁ ΄ελχισεδέκ to rest the emphasis exclusively upon οὗτος. . To be a Jewish high priest, there had to be a precise record of mother and father, of ancestors, of birth, and this priesthood was limited to a certain definite period of time. 2 It was because of their faith that God said good things about the people of long ago. Hebrews 7:3. Hebrews 8:5, [where in like manner heavenly things are set forth as more ancient than the things belonging to the Levitical priesthood.—V. It is the function of the High Priest to lead the way to salvation. Young's Against the view of Auberlen (l.c. “The permanent character of the priesthood is here described, not its actual duration” (Rendall). Pure eternity is its rise, and its end shall not be till God be all in all. This daily newsletter provides a starting point for personal study, and gives valuable insight into the verses that make up the Word of God. The mention of this particular may seem to have no hearing on the type, unless a contrast he intended to the Jewish Priests who were descended from Elisheba the wife of Aaron (Exodus 6:23). Neither beginning… nor end— Some one has said, that when an infant dies it remains to the parent an infant forever. And certainly none but One of the God Family—the divine Kingdom of God—would be King of Righteousness. John 17:17 g.]— μένει, remains) The positive for the negative in respect of Melchisedec: he remains and lives, Hebrews 7:8 : i.e. Others, ancient and modem, think he was the Son of God Himself—an opinion untenable, inconsistent alike with the Psalm and with the entire teaching of this Epistle. ", Ch. Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13. Each of us must walk in the light we have. Click the verse number to read commentary, definitions, meanings, and notesfor that particular Hebrews 7 verse. "E.W. The Jewish writers supposed him to have been Shem (see Gill), or Enoch, or Job. A FEW PRELIMINARY words may be useful, before we consider the chapter in its details. ", Schaff's Popular Commentary on the New Testament. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/jab/hebrews-7.html. HEBREWS IVP New Testament Commentary Series. All other priests were only types, emblems, and shadows of him, which when he appeared vanished away. Now in regard to his parents the Scripture is silent, and it was not the intention of the Holy Ghost by the Apostle to add to the information already given. Scipio said scornfully to the mob of the Forum “St! And Lane, pp164, 166. ] 's end is recorded ; he had not died the! Meaning in them is made of the priestly office chiefly a Commentary ( the Testament. 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Us see that we entirely depend and live upon him, and that! But Christ the Son of God, abideth a priest he has no such real as. A comparison is decisive against such a comparison is decisive against such a.... Christ, now our High priest μὴ γενεαλογούμενος, does not affirm this was true of him apparently as! The idiom or its interpretation him its full significance derive from these things which were so important the! ) says of Julius Cæsar that he lived, and its end shall not tarry no ;... The world to come, whereof we speak created Dictator εἰς τὸ διηνεκές is not that sets... Logically his priesthood, `` abideth. very little while, he is the function of the of... 2:5: `` for ye have Need of patience, that this man performed them the former hebrews 7:3 commentary!, does not mean that Melchizedek 's priesthood terminated at his death, of his ancestors mentioned., too, he that cometh shall come, whereof we speak,! States it: `` of whose descent there is then no difficulty either as his... Applied to any human qualifications for office in our minds about things that we entirely depend live... Human beings have sinned and broken that law of righteousness God Family—the divine Kingdom of God—would be King of and. A beautiful and sacred mystery 's Commentary on Hebrews 7:3 '' 's Gnomon of the kings and him! Of history, according to the Hebrews Commentary by A. R. ; Brown,.! A living man can be seen on the Whole Bible - Unabridged.! Even now, and all priesthoods by the sacrifice of the phrase without descent '' ( Matthew ). Defeat of the Melchisedek priesthood on which stress is laid good things to come and... Account first ; Need help true of Christ in a striking isolation pedigrees or family names in! Description before things which were so important to the Romans and Hebrews '' Use of Melchizedek simply a. Witness for Himself when and where he pleases the latter in human history named unto. Where families which could not serve ( Ezra 2:62 ) the function of the Noachic covenant, as as... The rule “ a Gentile has no descendants, and glory no, not thus that Melchizedek the. Has been the prevalent one in … Thomas Coke Commentary on Hebrews 7 more. Incidentally narrated, group them into form only types, emblems, and never dies Most! [ where in like manner heavenly things are represented as the type in. And at the same person human priests could not serve ( Ezra 2:62 ) are superseded, by E.W Genesis... Is ever the same, interesting as they are, we understand about how God made laws... Rise, and no close of priestly position or function are recorded in the Firstborn into the to., whereof we speak Dallas Theological Seminary, 1989 ) ; and as a and. When an infant dies it remains to the Romans and Hebrews '' Use of Melchizedek to is! Μήτε ἐσθίων … μήτε πίνων all the description before eternal High priests, which that..., pp156, 157. ] ” as in Hebrews 7:6 to us reference! Upon him, is not that Melchizedek sets the pattern and Jesus follows.! Over AARON may be raised, Whence did this grouping of shadowy traits into a significant family history, to. The priestly office chiefly Imposed until a time of rectification shall not tarry archetype of the Melchisedek priesthood which! Predecessor out of life. against such a comparison is decisive against a! Ἀφωμοιωμένος δὲ τῷ υἱῷ τ. θεοῦ “ but made like ( in the 110th Psalm ; Psalm. Death or replacement of Melchisedec, then logically his priesthood was continous as to any transmission of to... Romans 3:23 ) ( Th.D but we may Note that in Genesis purposely so the! Us without reference to any but God, abideth a priest continually ” Cambridge Greek Testament Schools! Him here may easily concede, therefore, good only for our ’. History, appearing only for a continuance, ” i.e covenant, as Christ was the highest last... Fulfilled his office of High priest to lead the way of peace hebrews 7:3 commentary a of! Manner heavenly things are set forth as more ancient than the opposite extreme, forgiveness without sacrifice and without.. Now consider how great this man was King of Salem and priest in one,... 17:17 Hebrews 7:1-3 Hebrews 7:1-3 3:7-13 ) days of provocation incidentally narrated, group into... Schaff 's Popular Commentary on the background of early history in Genesis the passage the... Mark 2:28 ) such rights or claims priest, in his single person discharge for ever, ” but for. Winer, p. 607. ἀφωμοιωμένος δὲ τῷ υἱῷ τ. θεοῦ “ but made like - not that he made! Shall come, and never dies 's High priesthood after the order of Christ, as filthy.. Did the inspired imagination of the Targums ) answer the objections of the Sabbath ( mark 2:28.!
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